Step 1: Create a new directory for your extension

Create a new directory named MyExtension in the app/code directory of your Magento installation.

Step 2: Create a config.xml file

In the MyExtension directory, create a new file named config.xml. This file will define our extension's configuration.

	
	
    
        
            1.0.0
        
    
	
	

Step 3: Create a module.xml file

In the same MyExtension directory, create a new file named module.xml. This file will define the modules that our extension depends on.

	
	
    
        
            Magento_Core
        
    
	
	

Step 4: Create a etc/module.xml file

In the same MyExtension directory, create a new file named etc/module.xml. This file will define our extension's module declaration.

Step 5: Create a controller

In the MyExtension directory, create a new directory named controllers. Inside this directory, create a new file named IndexController.php.

namespace MyExtension\Controller\Index;

class IndexController extends \Magento\Framework\App\Action\Action
{
    public function execute()
    {
        // Your code here
        echo "Hello World!";
        exit;
    }
}
	

Step 6: Define the route

In the same controllers directory, create a new file named index.php.

	

    
        
            My Module Index
            my_module/index